PRMIA 8020 Exam Questions

Definition of an Effective Key Risk Indicator (KRI)

A KRI is a metric used to identify, measure, and monitor emerging risks.

To be effective, KRIs must be both quantitative and qualitative, allowing for a comprehensive risk view.

Key Characteristics of Effective KRIs

Quantitative -- Uses numerical data for trend analysis.

Qualitative -- Incorporates expert judgment and scenario-based insights.

Consistent -- Maintains uniform definitions across reporting periods.

Efficient & Repeatable -- Must be easily measured and consistently reported.

Why Other Answers Are Incorrect

Option

Explanation

B . Qualitative, Consistent, Efficient & Repeatable.

Incorrect -- Excludes quantitative aspects, which are essential for KRIs.

C . Quantitative, Consistent, Comparable, Efficient & Repeatable.

Incorrect -- While comparison is useful, qualitative factors are missing, making this answer incomplete.

D . Quantitative, Repeatable and Efficient.

Incorrect -- Lacks qualitative insights and consistency as key factors for KRIs.

PRMIA Reference for Verification

PRMIA Risk Indicator Guidelines

Basel Committee's Principles on Risk Data and KRI

Step 1: Definition of Material Customer Detriment

Material customer detriment refers to service disruptions that cause financial loss, inability to access essential services, or significant hardship.

PRMIA and UK FCA Operational Resilience Standards define 'significant harm' as going beyond inconvenience to include monetary or operational distress.

Step 2: Why Option D is Correct

Significant harm occurs when customers face tangible financial or service losses, not just reputational inconvenience.

Regulatory frameworks (e.g., Basel, FCA, PRMIA) require banks to protect customers from material disruptions.

Step 3: Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A ('Low threshold, any complaint') Incorrect because not all complaints indicate material detriment.

Option B ('Inconvenience and reputational damage') Incorrect because true material harm is more than just inconvenience.

Option C ('Financial system resilience') Incorrect because this describes systemic financial stability, not customer impact.

PRMIA Risk Reference Used:

PRMIA Operational Resilience Framework -- Defines material customer detriment.

UK FCA Operational Resilience Guidelines -- Requires firms to minimize severe harm to customers.

Final Conclusion:

Material customer detriment involves actual financial hardship, not just inconvenience, making Option D the correct answer.

Step 1: What Is the Turnbull Report?

The Turnbull Report (1999) was a UK corporate governance report that set risk management expectations for boards.

It required companies to assess and manage risks effectively as part of corporate governance.

Step 2: Why Option C is Correct

Turnbull was the first report to mandate that boards must consider risk management in corporate governance.

This report established risk assessment as a board-level responsibility.

Step 3: Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A ('Defined risk governance for insurance') Incorrect because Turnbull applied to all sectors, not just insurance.

Option B ('First report to propose board structure') Incorrect because corporate boards existed long before Turnbull.

Option D ('Led to the US Federal Reserve') Incorrect because the Federal Reserve was established in 1913, long before Turnbull.

PRMIA Risk Reference Used:

PRMIA Corporate Governance Guidelines -- Highlights Turnbull's role in board-level risk oversight.

UK Corporate Governance Code -- Turnbull contributed to defining board risk responsibilities.

Final Conclusion:

The Turnbull Report was the first to require boards to consider risks in corporate governance, making Option C the correct answer.

Step 1: Understanding OFAC

OFAC (Office of Foreign Assets Control) is a U.S. Treasury Department agency responsible for enforcing economic and trade sanctions based on U.S. foreign policy and national security goals.

It prevents financial crime by restricting transactions with sanctioned individuals, entities, and countries.

Step 2: Role of OFAC in Financial Crime Prevention

OFAC administers sanctions to prevent money laundering, terrorism financing, and other illicit activities.

Financial institutions must comply with OFAC regulations to avoid heavy fines and reputational damage.

PRMIA's Financial Crime Risk Guidelines emphasize the importance of OFAC compliance in risk management.

Step 3: Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A ('Office of Financial Asset Control') -- Incorrect wording; OFAC deals with foreign assets, not just financial assets.

Option B ('Office of Foreigner and Other Control') -- OFAC does not regulate foreigners broadly; it targets specific foreign assets and transactions.

Option C ('Office for Asset Control') -- Missing 'Foreign', which is critical to OFAC's function.

PRMIA Risk Reference Used:

PRMIA Financial Crime Risk Management Guidelines -- Emphasizes regulatory compliance with OFAC.

PRMIA Compliance and Sanctions Risk Standards -- Stresses the role of OFAC in preventing illicit financial activities.

Final Conclusion:

OFAC stands for the Office of Foreign Assets Control, making Option D the correct answer.

Step 1: Role of a Risk Assessment Facilitator

The facilitator's main role is to guide discussions without bias, ensuring objective risk identification.

PRMIA's Risk Governance Framework highlights neutral facilitation as key to effective risk workshops.

Step 2: Why Option C Is Correct

Objectivity ensures unbiased risk assessment.

Expressing personal opinions can influence risk ratings, leading to distorted outcomes.

Step 3: Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

Option A ('Guide the workshop toward a pre-determined conclusion')

Incorrect because risk workshops should discover risks, not confirm pre-set beliefs.

Option B ('Attendees can override results')

Incorrect as risk results should be evidence-based, not subject to override.

Option D ('Attend via video connection')

Incorrect as facilitators must engage actively, making remote facilitation less effective.

PRMIA Risk Reference Used:

PRMIA Risk Governance Framework -- Stresses objectivity in risk assessment facilitation.

PRMIA Risk Identification Best Practices -- Encourages unbiased workshops.

Final Conclusion:

Facilitators must remain neutral and objective, making Option C the correct answer.