You are implementing VXLAN broadcast domains in your data center environment. Which two statements are correct in this scenario? (Choose two.)
VXLAN Overview:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network virtualization technology that encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames into Layer 3 UDP packets for transmission over an IP network. It allows the creation of Layer 2 overlay networks across a Layer 3 infrastructure.
Understanding VXLAN Components:
VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint): A VTEP is responsible for encapsulating and decapsulating Ethernet frames into and from VXLAN packets.
VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier): A 24-bit identifier used to distinguish different VXLAN segments, allowing for up to 16 million unique segments.
Correct Statements:
C . Layer 2 frames are encapsulated by the source VTEP: This is correct. In a VXLAN deployment, the source VTEP encapsulates the original Layer 2 Ethernet frame into a VXLAN packet before transmitting it over the IP network to the destination VTEP, which then decapsulates it.
A . A VXLAN packet does not contain a VLAN ID: This is correct. The VXLAN header does not carry the original VLAN ID; instead, it uses the VNI to identify the network segment. The VLAN ID is local to the switch and does not traverse the VXLAN tunnel.
Incorrect Statements:
B . The VNI must match the VLAN tag to ensure that the remote VTEP can decapsulate VXLAN packets: This is incorrect. The VNI is independent of the VLAN tag, and the VLAN ID does not need to match the VNI. The VNI is what the remote VTEP uses to identify the correct VXLAN segment.
D . The VNI is a 16-bit value and can range from 0 through 16,777,215: This is incorrect because the VNI is a 24-bit value, allowing for a range of 0 to 16,777,215.
Data Center Reference:
VXLAN technology is critical for modern data centers as it enables scalability and efficient segmentation without the constraints of traditional VLAN limits.
Which parameter is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table?
Understanding VPN Route Table Association:
In MPLS/VPN and EVPN networks, the route-target community is a BGP extended community attribute used to control the import and export of VPN routes. It associates received routes with the appropriate VPN route tables on the PE (Provider Edge) routers.
Function of Route-Target Community:
The route-target community tag ensures that routes are imported into the correct VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance, allowing them to be correctly routed within the VPN.
Conclusion:
Option A: Correct---The route-target community is used to associate received routes with a local VPN route table.
Exhibit.
Referring to the exhibit, Host1 (10.1.1.1) is failing to communicate with Host2 (10.1.2.1) in a data center that uses an ERB architecture. What do you determine from the output?
Understanding the Problem:
Host1 (10.1.1.1) is failing to communicate with Host2 (10.1.2.1) within an EVPN-VXLAN environment using ERB architecture.
Analysis of the Exhibit:
The provided output includes information from the show route forwarding-table matching command for IP 10.1.2.1. The next hop is shown as vtep.32769, which indicates that the traffic destined for 10.1.2.1 is being forwarded into the VXLAN tunnel with the correct VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint).
Conclusion:
Option B: Correct---The traffic from Host1 is entering the VXLAN tunnel, as evidenced by the next hop pointing to a VTEP. However, the issue could lie elsewhere, possibly with the remote VTEP, routing configurations, or the receiving leaf/spine devices.
Exhibit.
You are deploying a VXLAN overlay with EVPN as the control plane in an ERB architecture.
Referring to the exhibit, which three statements are correct about where the VXLAN gateways will be placed? (Choose three.)
Understanding ERB Architecture:
ERB (Edge Routed Bridging) architecture is a network design where the routing occurs at the edge (leaf devices) rather than in the spine devices. In a VXLAN overlay network with EVPN as the control plane, leaf devices typically act as both Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 3 (L3) VXLAN gateways.
Placement of VXLAN Gateways:
Option B: All leaf devices will have L2 VXLAN gateways to handle the bridging of VLAN traffic into VXLAN tunnels.
Option C: All leaf devices will also have L3 VXLAN gateways to route traffic between different VXLAN segments (VNIs) and external networks.
Option E: Spine devices in an ERB architecture generally do not function as VXLAN gateways. They primarily focus on forwarding traffic between leaf nodes and do not handle VXLAN encapsulation/decapsulation.
Conclusion:
Option B: Correct---All leaf devices will have L2 VXLAN gateways.
Option C: Correct---All leaf devices will have L3 VXLAN gateways.
Option E: Correct---Spine devices will not act as VXLAN gateways
Which parameter is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table?
Understanding VPN Route Table Association:
In MPLS/VPN and EVPN networks, the route-target community is a BGP extended community attribute used to control the import and export of VPN routes. It associates received routes with the appropriate VPN route tables on the PE (Provider Edge) routers.
Function of Route-Target Community:
The route-target community tag ensures that routes are imported into the correct VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance, allowing them to be correctly routed within the VPN.
Conclusion:
Option A: Correct---The route-target community is used to associate received routes with a local VPN route table.
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