Which statement is correct about a collapsed fabric EVPN-VXLAN architecture?
Collapsed Fabric Architecture:
A collapsed fabric refers to a simplified architecture where the spine and leaf roles are combined, often reducing the number of devices and links required.
In this architecture, the spine typically handles core switching, while leaf switches handle both access and distribution roles.
Understanding Border Gateway Functionality:
Border gateway functions include connecting the data center to external networks or other data centers.
In a collapsed fabric, these functions are usually handled at the leaf level, particularly on border leaf devices that manage the ingress and egress of traffic to and from the data center fabric.
Correct Statement:
D . Border gateway functions occur on border leaf devices: This is accurate in collapsed fabric architectures, where the border leaf devices take on the role of managing external connections and handling routes to other data centers or the internet.
Data Center Reference:
The collapsed fabric model is advantageous in smaller deployments or scenarios where simplicity and cost-effectiveness are prioritized. It reduces complexity by consolidating functions into fewer devices, and the border leaf handles the critical task of interfacing with external networks.
In conclusion, border gateway functions are effectively managed at the leaf layer in collapsed fabric architectures, ensuring that the data center can communicate with external networks seamlessly.
Exhibit.

The exhibit shows the truncated output of the show evpn database command.
Given this output, which two statements are correct about the host with MAC address 40:00:dc:01:00:04? (Choose two.)
Understanding the Output:
The show evpn database command output shows the MAC address, VLAN, active source, timestamp, and IP address associated with various hosts in the EVPN instance.
Analysis of the MAC Address:
Option A: The MAC address 40:00:dc:01:00:04 is associated with the IP address 10.4.4.5, as indicated by the output in the IP address column. This confirms that this host has been assigned the IP 10.4.4.5.
Option D: The active source for the MAC address 40:00:dc:01:00:04 is listed as 00:02:00:00:00:04:00:04:00:00:04:00:04, which indicates that the host is connected via an ESI (Ethernet Segment Identifier) LAG (Link Aggregation Group). This setup is typically used in multi-homing scenarios to provide redundancy and load balancing across multiple physical links.
Conclusion:
Option A: Correct---The host with MAC 40:00:dc:01:00:04 is assigned IP 10.4.4.5.
Option D: Correct---The host is originating from an ESI LAG, as indicated by the active source value.
You want to provide a OCI that keeps each data center routing domain isolated, while also supporting translation of VNIs. Which DCI scheme allows these features?
Understanding DCI (Data Center Interconnect) Schemes:
DCI schemes are used to connect multiple data centers, enabling seamless communication and resource sharing between them. The choice of DCI depends on the specific requirements, such as isolation, VNI translation, or routing domain separation.
VXLAN Stitching:
VXLAN stitching involves connecting multiple VXLAN segments, allowing VNIs (VXLAN Network Identifiers) from different segments to communicate with each other while maintaining separate routing domains.
This approach is particularly effective for keeping routing domains isolated while supporting VNI translation, making it ideal for scenarios where you need to connect different data centers or networks without merging their control planes.
Other Options:
A . MPLS DCI label exchange: This option typically focuses on MPLS-based interconnections and does not inherently support VNI translation or isolation in the context of VXLAN.
B . Over the top (OTT) with VNI translation enabled: This could support VNI translation but does not inherently ensure routing domain isolation.
D . Over the top (OTT) with proxy gateways: This typically involves using external gateways for traffic routing and may not directly support VNI translation or isolation in the same way as VXLAN stitching.
Data Center Reference:
VXLAN stitching is a powerful method in multi-data center environments, allowing for flexibility in connecting various VXLAN segments while preserving network isolation and supporting complex interconnect requirements.
Which parameter is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table?
Understanding VPN Route Table Association:
In MPLS/VPN and EVPN networks, the route-target community is a BGP extended community attribute used to control the import and export of VPN routes. It associates received routes with the appropriate VPN route tables on the PE (Provider Edge) routers.
Function of Route-Target Community:
The route-target community tag ensures that routes are imported into the correct VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance, allowing them to be correctly routed within the VPN.
Conclusion:
Option A: Correct---The route-target community is used to associate received routes with a local VPN route table.
You are deploying an IP fabric using EBGP and notice that your leaf devices are advertising and receiving all the routes. However, the routes are not installed in the routing table and are marked as hidden.
Which two statements describe how to solve the issue? (Choose two.)
Issue Overview:
The leaf devices in an IP fabric using eBGP are advertising and receiving all routes, but the routes are not being installed in the routing table and are marked as hidden. This typically indicates an issue with the BGP configuration, particularly with next-hop handling or AS path concerns.
Corrective Actions:
B . You need to configure a next-hop self policy: This action ensures that the leaf devices modify the next-hop attribute to their own IP address before advertising routes to their peers. This is particularly important in eBGP setups where the next-hop may not be directly reachable by other peers.
D . You need to configure multipath multiple-as: This setting allows the router to accept multiple paths from different autonomous systems (ASes) and use them for load balancing. Without this, the BGP process might consider only one path and mark others as hidden.
Incorrect Statements:
A . You need to configure as-override: AS-override is used to replace the AS number in the AS-path attribute to prevent loop detection issues in MPLS VPNs, not in a typical eBGP IP fabric setup.
C . You need to configure loops 2: There is no specific BGP command loops 2 relevant to resolving hidden routes in this context. It might be confused with allowas-in, which is used to allow AS path loops under certain conditions.
Data Center Reference:
Proper BGP configuration is crucial in IP fabrics to ensure route propagation and to prevent routes from being marked as hidden. Configuration parameters like next-hop self and multipath multiple-as are common solutions to ensure optimal route installation and load balancing in a multi-vendor environment.
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