You have been assigned to test an application that allows users to conduct banking online. You have been asked to verify the various installation environments for the product. According to the specification the product supports four browsers (Edge, Chrome, FireFox and Safari), three operating systems (Windows, Mac, Unix), and four languages (English, Spanish, French, German). As you are reviewing the specifications you realize that the actual operating system names and versions were not included, only the major category. From this, you conclude that if you pick one from each of these sets (for example, select Windows 10 for the Windows OS), that testing should be sufficient.
You have researched the product and determined that there should be no interaction between these three characteristics that would affect the operation of the system. However, you do want to exercise representative set of these options while conducting the other functional testing for the product.
If you decide to test pairs of combinations, how many combinations will you need to test?
Testing pairs of combinations is a technique that reduces the number of test cases by testing only two factors at a time, instead of testing all possible combinations. Testing pairs of combinations is based on the assumption that most defects are caused by interactions of at most two factors. Testing pairs of combinations can be applied to this problem using the installation environments, which are the browsers, the operating systems, and the languages. By using testing pairs of combinations, the number of test cases will be lower than exhaustive testing, which would require testing every combination of factors. The formula for calculating the number of test cases for testing pairs of combinations is:
N = P * (P - 1) / 2
where N is the number of test cases, and P is the number of values for each factor. In this problem, P is 4, as there are four browsers, four operating systems, and four languages. Therefore, the number of test cases for testing pairs of combinations is:
N = 4 * (4 - 1) / 2 N = 4 * 3 / 2 N = 12Reference=
ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
Pairwise Software Testing - GeeksforGeeks2, section ''Introduction''
Pairwise Testing: A Best Practice That Isn't3, section ''Pairwise Testing''
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