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Eccouncil 312-50 Exam Questions

Exam Name: Certified Ethical Hacker v12
Exam Code: 312-50
Related Certification(s): Eccouncil Certified Ethical Hacker CEH Certification
Certification Provider: Eccouncil
Actual Exam Duration: 240 Minutes
Number of 312-50 practice questions in our database: 573 (updated: Oct. 25, 2024)
Expected 312-50 Exam Topics, as suggested by Eccouncil :
  • Topic 1: Introduction to Ethical Hacking: This module covers ethical hacking fundamentals such as elements of information security, Chain Methodology, Hacker Classes, Risk Management, DSS, HIPPA, and SOX.
  • Topic 2: Foot Printing and Reconnaissance: In this module, candidates are tested for performing footprinting on the target network, and performing website, email, whois, and DNS footprinting. Other topics include Advanced Google Hacking Techniques, Deep and Dark Web Footprinting, Website Mirroring, Traceout Analysis, and other tools.
  • Topic 3: Scanning Networks: The topics covered in this module include network scanning, host discovery, port scanning, OS Discovery, and packet Fragmentation.
  • Topic 4: Enumeration: The current domain covers NetBIOS Enumeration, SNMP, NFS, SMTP Enumeration and also covers DNS Cache Snooping and VoIP Enumeration.
  • Topic 5: Vulnerability Analysis: It covers vulnerability research, assessment, management and lifecycle, classification, and assessment tools.
  • Topic 6: System Hacking: This section covers password cracking, wire sniffing, buffer overflow, keylogger, spyware, anti-keyloggers, rootKits, post-exploitation, and covering tracks.
  • Topic 7: Malware Threats: This section covers Malware components, APT, Trojan, Virus, Ransomware, Worms, Virus detection, and Anti-trojan software.
  • Topic 8: Sniffing: This module covers sniffing, MAC flooding, MAC Spoofing, DNS Poisoning tools, and Sniffing tools.
  • Topic 9: Social Engineering: This section of the exam covers social engineering types, Phishing, insider threats, and identity theft.
  • Topic 10: Denial-of-Service: This section covers DoS Attacks, DDos Attacks, Botnets, DoS/DDoS Attack Tools, DoS Protection Tools.
  • Topic 11: Session Hijacking: This section covers types of session hacking, Spoofing, client-side attacks, session replay attacks, CRIME attacks, and Hijacking tools.
  • Topic 12: Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots: This section covers intrusion detection systems, firewall types, intrusion prevention, intrusion detection tools, Evading NAC Endpoint security, IDS/Firewall Evading Tools, and Honeypot detection tools.
  • Topic 13: Hacking Web Servers: This section covers web server operations, web server attacks, DNS Server Hijacking, website defacement, Web Cache Positioning Attack, web server security tools, and patch management tools.
  • Topic 14: Hacking Web Applications: This section covers web applications architecture, web application threats, application security risks, web shell, web API Hacking Methodology.
  • Topic 15: SQL Injection: In this section, topics covered SQJ injection, SQJ Injection methodology, tools signature evasion, and injection detection tools.
  • Topic 16: Hacking Wireless Networks: This section covers wireless terminology, wireless networks, encryption, wireless threats, Wi-Fi encryption cracking, Bluetooth hacking, Wi-Fi security auditing, and Bluetooth security tools.
  • Topic 17: Hacking Mobile Platforms: This section covers Mobile Platform Attack Vectors, App sandboxing, SMS Phishing attacks, hacking Android devices, and mobile security tools.
  • Topic 18: IoT and OT Hacking: In this section, topics covered IoT Architecture, IoT Communication, top ten IoT threats, ICS and SCADA, OT Vulnerabilities, and OT Security Tools.
  • Topic 19: Cloud Computing: This section covers types of cloud computing, cloud deployment, Fog and Edge computing, cloud service providers, serverless computing, and cloud attacks.
  • Topic 20: Cryptography: This section covers cryptography, Encryption Algorithms, Cryptography tools, disk encryption, and Key Stretching.
Disscuss Eccouncil 312-50 Topics, Questions or Ask Anything Related

Fidelia

7 days ago
Social engineering tactics were heavily tested. Questions often involved identifying different types of attacks like phishing and pretexting. Review real-world examples and prevention strategies.
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Yun

9 days ago
Achieving a pass in the CEH v12 exam feels fantastic. Pass4Success practice questions were a key part of my study routine. One challenging question was from Module 11, which asked about the different types of wireless attacks and their countermeasures. I wasn't confident in my answer, but I still passed.
upvoted 0 times
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Cathrine

15 days ago
Ecstatic! Aced the CEH v12 exam today. Pass4Success's materials were invaluable. Grateful for the efficient prep!
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Gail

20 days ago
Cryptography was a significant part of the exam. Be prepared for questions on various encryption algorithms and their strengths. Understanding the differences between symmetric and asymmetric encryption is crucial.
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Shenika

22 days ago
I am thrilled to have passed the CEH v12 exam! The practice questions from Pass4Success were incredibly helpful. There was a tricky question on steganography from Module 06, asking about the most effective tools to detect hidden messages in images. I had to guess, but it didn't stop me from succeeding.
upvoted 0 times
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Sanda

1 months ago
Just passed the CEH v12 exam! A key focus was on network scanning techniques. Expect questions on Nmap commands and interpreting scan results. Study different scan types and their use cases.
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Daniela

1 months ago
Passing the CEH v12 exam was a significant milestone for me. The Pass4Success practice questions were instrumental in my preparation. One question that stumped me was about SQL injection techniques from Module 05. It asked about the best methods to detect and prevent SQL injection attacks. I wasn't entirely sure about the answer, but I managed to pass the exam.
upvoted 0 times
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Dorsey

2 months ago
Just passed the CEH v12 exam! Pass4Success's practice questions were spot-on. Thanks for helping me prepare quickly!
upvoted 0 times
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Margart

2 months ago
Passing the Eccouncil Certified Ethical Hacker v12 exam was a significant achievement for me, and I owe a part of my success to Pass4Success practice questions. The exam covered various topics, including DSS, HIPPA, and SOX, which required me to demonstrate my knowledge of compliance regulations in ethical hacking. One question that I found particularly challenging was related to Risk Management, where I had to assess potential threats and vulnerabilities in a given scenario. Despite my initial hesitation, I was able to analyze the situation and provide a suitable solution to pass the exam.
upvoted 0 times
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Rashad

3 months ago
My experience taking the Eccouncil Certified Ethical Hacker v12 exam was challenging yet rewarding. With the assistance of Pass4Success practice questions, I was able to grasp the fundamentals of ethical hacking, including elements of information security and risk management. During the exam, I encountered a question on Chain Methodology, which tested my understanding of the sequential steps involved in ethical hacking. Despite some initial confusion, I was able to apply my knowledge and successfully answer the question.
upvoted 0 times
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Svetlana

3 months ago
Cleared CEH v12! Cryptography played a big role. Expect questions on various encryption algorithms and their applications. Brush up on symmetric vs. asymmetric encryption concepts. Pass4Success's practice material was a lifesaver, covering all the right topics for quick preparation.
upvoted 0 times
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Desmond

4 months ago
Just passed the CEH v12 exam! Crucial topic: network scanning. Expect questions on Nmap commands and output analysis. Study port states and scan types thoroughly. Thanks to Pass4Success for the spot-on practice questions that helped me prepare quickly!
upvoted 0 times
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Pansy

4 months ago
I recently passed the Eccouncil Certified Ethical Hacker v12 exam with the help of Pass4Success practice questions. The exam covered topics such as Foot Printing and Reconnaissance, where I had to demonstrate my skills in performing website, email, whois, and DNS footprinting. One question that stood out to me was related to Advanced Google Hacking Techniques, which required me to identify potential vulnerabilities in a target network. Despite some uncertainty, I managed to answer correctly and pass the exam.
upvoted 0 times
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Karl

4 months ago
CEH v12 success! Web app security was a major focus. Be ready for SQL injection scenarios and XSS attack types. Understanding web vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies is essential. Pass4Success's exam questions were incredibly relevant and saved me tons of study time.
upvoted 0 times
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Venita

5 months ago
Just passed the CEH v12 exam! Footprinting and reconnaissance were key. Expect questions on OSINT tools and techniques. Study passive vs. active recon methods. Network scanning was also crucial - know your Nmap commands! Thanks to Pass4Success for the spot-on practice questions that helped me prepare efficiently.
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Free Eccouncil 312-50 Exam Actual Questions

Note: Premium Questions for 312-50 were last updated On Oct. 25, 2024 (see below)

Question #1

You are the lead cybersecurity analyst at a multinational corporation that uses a hybrid encryption system to secure inter-departmental communications. The system uses RSA encryption for key exchange and AES for data encryption, taking advantage of the strengths of both asymmetric and symmetric encryption. Each RSA

key pair has a size of 'n' bits, with larger keys providing more security at the cost of slower performance. The time complexity of generating an RSA key pair is O(n*2), and AES encryption has a time complexity of O(n). An attacker has developed a quantum algorithm with time complexity O((log n)*2) to crack RSA encryption. Given *n=4000' and variable 'AES key size', which scenario is likely to provide the best balance of security and

performance?

Reveal Solution Hide Solution
Correct Answer: A

A hybrid encryption system is a system that combines the advantages of both asymmetric and symmetric encryption algorithms. Asymmetric encryption, such as RSA, uses a pair of keys: a public key and a private key, which are mathematically related but not identical. Asymmetric encryption can provide key exchange, authentication, and non-repudiation, but it is slower and less efficient than symmetric encryption. Symmetric encryption, such as AES, uses a single key to encrypt and decrypt data. Symmetric encryption is faster and more efficient than asymmetric encryption, but it requires a secure way to share the key.

In a hybrid encryption system, RSA encryption is used for key exchange, and AES encryption is used for data encryption. This way, the system can benefit from the security of RSA and the speed of AES. However, the system also depends on the key sizes of both algorithms, which affect the security and performance of the system.

The key size of RSA encryption determines the number of bits in the public and private keys. The larger the key size, the more secure the encryption, but also the slower the key generation and encryption/decryption processes. The time complexity of generating an RSA key pair is O(n*2), where n is the key size in bits. This means that the time required to generate an RSA key pair increases quadratically with the key size. For example, if it takes 1 second to generate a 1024-bit RSA key pair, it will take 4 seconds to generate a 2048-bit RSA key pair, and 16 seconds to generate a 4096-bit RSA key pair.

The key size of AES encryption determines the number of bits in the symmetric key. The larger the key size, the more secure the encryption, but also the more rounds of encryption/decryption are needed. The time complexity of AES encryption is O(n), where n is the key size in bits. This means that the time required to encrypt/decrypt data increases linearly with the key size. For example, if it takes 1 second to encrypt/decrypt data with a 128-bit AES key, it will take 2 seconds to encrypt/decrypt data with a 256-bit AES key, and 4 seconds to encrypt/decrypt data with a 512-bit AES key.

An attacker has developed a quantum algorithm with time complexity O((log n)*2) to crack RSA encryption. This means that the time required to break RSA encryption decreases exponentially with the key size. For example, if it takes 1 second to break a 1024-bit RSA encryption, it will take 0.25 seconds to break a 2048-bit RSA encryption, and 0.0625 seconds to break a 4096-bit RSA encryption. This makes RSA encryption vulnerable to quantum attacks, unless the key size is very large.

Given n=4000 and variable AES key size, the scenario that is likely to provide the best balance of security and performance is C. AES key size=192 bits. This configuration is a compromise between options A and B, providing moderate security and performance. Option A, AES key size=128 bits, provides less security than option C, but RSA key generation and AES encryption will be faster. Option B, AES key size=256 bits, provides more security than option C, but RSA key generation may be slow. Option D, AES key size=512 bits, provides the highest level of security, but at a significant performance cost due to the large AES key size.


Hybrid cryptosystem - Wikipedia

RSA (cryptosystem) - Wikipedia

Advanced Encryption Standard - Wikipedia

Quantum computing and cryptography - Wikipedia

Question #2

An IT security team is conducting an internal review of security protocols in their organization to identify

potential vulnerabilities. During their investigation, they encounter a suspicious program running on several

computers. Further examination reveals that the program has been logging all user keystrokes. How can the

security team confirm the type of program and what countermeasures should be taken to ensure the same

attack does not occur in the future?

Reveal Solution Hide Solution
Correct Answer: C

A keylogger is a type of spyware that can record and steal consecutive keystrokes (and much more) that the user enters on a device. Keyloggers are a common tool for cybercriminals, who use them to capture passwords, credit card numbers, personal information, and other sensitive data. Keyloggers can be installed on a device through various methods, such as phishing emails, malicious downloads, or physical access. To confirm the type of program, the security team can use a web search tool, such as Bing, to look for keylogger programs and compare their features and behaviors with the suspicious program they encountered. Alternatively, they can use a malware analysis tool, such as Malwarebytes, to scan and identify the program and its characteristics.

To prevent the same attack from occurring in the future, the security team should employ intrusion detection systems (IDS) and regularly update the system software. An IDS is a system that monitors network traffic and system activities for signs of malicious or unauthorized behavior, such as keylogger installation or communication. An IDS can alert the security team of any potential threats and help them respond accordingly. Regularly updating the system software can help patch any vulnerabilities or bugs that keyloggers may exploit to infect the device. Additionally, the security team should also remove the keylogger program from the affected computers and change any compromised passwords or credentials.Reference:

Keylogger | What is a Keylogger? How to protect yourself

How to Detect and Remove a Keylogger From Your Computer

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)

What is a Keylogger? | Keystroke Logging Definition | Avast

Keylogger Software: 11 Best Free to Use in 2023


Question #3

Jake, a network security specialist, is trying to prevent network-level session hijacking attacks in his company.

While studying different types of such attacks, he learns about a technique where an attacker inserts their machine into the communication between a client and a server, making it seem like the packets are flowing through the original path. This technique is primarily used to reroute the packets. Which of the following types of network-level session hijacking attacks is Jake studying?

Reveal Solution Hide Solution
Correct Answer: B

A man-in-the-middle attack using forged ICMP and ARP spoofing is a type of network-level session hijacking attack where an attacker inserts their machine into the communication between a client and a server, making it seem like the packets are flowing through the original path. This technique is primarily used to reroute the packets and intercept or modify the data exchanged between the client and the server.

A man-in-the-middle attack using forged ICMP and ARP spoofing works as follows1:

The attacker sends a forged ICMP redirect message to the client, claiming to be the gateway. The ICMP redirect message tells the client to use the attacker's machine as the next hop for reaching the server's network. The client updates its routing table accordingly and starts sending packets to the attacker's machine instead of the gateway.

The attacker also sends a forged ARP reply message to the client, claiming to be the server. The ARP reply message associates the attacker's MAC address with the server's IP address. The client updates its ARP cache accordingly and starts sending packets to the attacker's MAC address instead of the server's MAC address.

The attacker receives the packets from the client and forwards them to the server, acting as a relay. The attacker can also monitor, modify, or drop the packets as they wish. The server responds to the packets and sends them back to the attacker, who then forwards them to the client. The client and the server are unaware of the attacker's presence and think they are communicating directly with each other.

Therefore, Jake is studying a man-in-the-middle attack using forged ICMP and ARP spoofing, which is a type of network-level session hijacking attack.


Network or TCP Session Hijacking | Ethical Hacking - GreyCampus

Question #4

A well-resourced attacker intends to launch a highly disruptive DDoS attack against a major online retailer. The attacker aims to exhaust all the network resources while keeping their identity concealed. Their method should be resistant to simple defensive measures such as IP-based blocking. Based on these objectives, which of the following attack strategies would be most effective?

Reveal Solution Hide Solution
Correct Answer: A

A Pulse Wave attack is a type of DDoS attack that uses a botnet to send high-volume traffic pulses at regular intervals, typically lasting for a few minutes each. The attacker can adjust the frequency and duration of the pulses to maximize the impact and evade detection. A Pulse Wave attack can exhaust the network resources of the target, as well as the resources of any DDoS mitigation service that the target may use. A Pulse Wave attack can also conceal the attacker's identity, as the traffic originates from multiple sources that are part of the botnet. A Pulse Wave attack can bypass simple defensive measures, such as IP-based blocking, as the traffic can appear legitimate and vary in source IP addresses.

The other options are less effective or feasible for the attacker's objectives. A protocol-based SYN flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that exploits the TCP handshake process by sending a large number of SYN requests to the target server, without completing the connection. This consumes the connection state tables on the server, preventing it from accepting new connections. However, a SYN flood attack can be easily detected and mitigated by using SYN cookies or firewalls. A SYN flood attack can also expose the attacker's identity, as the source IP addresses of the SYN requests can be traced back to the attacker. An ICMP flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that sends a large number of ICMP packets, such as ping requests, to the target server, overwhelming its ICMP processing capacity. However, an ICMP flood attack from a single IP can be easily blocked by using IP-based filtering or disabling ICMP responses. An ICMP flood attack can also reveal the attacker's identity, as the source IP address of the ICMP packets can be identified. A volumetric flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that sends a large amount of traffic to the target server, saturating its network bandwidth and preventing legitimate users from accessing it. However, a volumetric flood attack using a single compromised machine may not be sufficient to overwhelm the network bandwidth of a major online retailer, as the attacker's machine may have limited bandwidth itself. A volumetric flood attack can also be detected and mitigated by using traffic shaping or rate limiting techniques.Reference:

Pulse Wave DDoS Attacks: What You Need to Know

DDoS Attack Prevention: 7 Effective Mitigation Strategies

DDoS Attack Types: Glossary of Terms

DDoS Attacks: What They Are and How to Protect Yourself

DDoS Attack Prevention: How to Protect Your Website


Question #5

As a cybersecurity professional, you are responsible for securing a high-traffic web application that uses MySQL as its backend database. Recently, there has been a surge of unauthorized login attempts, and you suspect that a seasoned black-hat hacker is behind them. This hacker has shown proficiency in SQL Injection and

appears to be using the 'UNION' SQL keyword to trick the login process into returning additional data.

However, your application's security measures include filtering special characters in user inputs, a method usually effective against such attacks. In this challenging environment, if the hacker still intends to exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability, which strategy is he most likely to employ?

Reveal Solution Hide Solution
Correct Answer: D

SQL Injection is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in a web application that uses a SQL database. The attacker injects malicious SQL code into the user input, such as a login form, that is then executed by the database server. This can allow the attacker to access, modify, or delete data, or execute commands on the database server.

The 'UNION' SQL keyword is often used in SQL Injection attacks to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements into a single result set. This can allow the attacker to retrieve additional data from other tables or columns that are not intended to be displayed by the application. For example, if the application uses the following query to check the user credentials:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '$username' AND password = '$password'

The attacker can inject a 'UNION' statement to append another query, such as:

' OR 1 = 1 UNION SELECT * FROM credit_cards --

This will result in the following query being executed by the database server:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '' OR 1 = 1 UNION SELECT * FROM credit_cards --' AND password = '$password'

The first part of the query will always return true, and the second part of the query will return the data from the credit_cards table. The '--' symbol is a comment that will ignore the rest of the query. The attacker can then see the credit card information in the application's response.

However, some web applications implement security measures to prevent SQL Injection attacks, such as filtering special characters in user inputs. Special characters are symbols that have a special meaning in SQL, such as quotes, semicolons, dashes, etc. By filtering or escaping these characters, the application can prevent the attacker from injecting malicious SQL code. For example, if the application replaces single quotes with two single quotes, the previous injection attempt will fail, as the query will become:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '''' OR 1 = 1 UNION SELECT * FROM credit_cards --'' AND password = '$password'

This will result in a syntax error, as the query is not valid SQL.

In this challenging environment, if the hacker still intends to exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability, the strategy that he is most likely to employ is to bypass the special character filter by encoding his malicious input. Encoding is a process of transforming data into a different format, such as hexadecimal, base64, URL, etc. By encoding his input, the hacker can avoid the filter and still inject malicious SQL code. For example, if the hacker encodes his input using URL encoding, the previous injection attempt will become:

%27%20OR%201%20%3D%201%20UNION%20SELECT%20*%20FROM%20credit_cards%20--

This will result in the following query being executed by the database server, after the application decodes the input:

SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '' OR 1 = 1 UNION SELECT * FROM credit_cards --' AND password = '$password'

This will succeed in returning the credit card information, as the filter will not detect the special characters in the encoded input.

Therefore, the hacker is most likely to employ the strategy of bypassing the special character filter by encoding his malicious input, which could potentially enable him to successfully inject damaging SQL queries.


SQL Injection | OWASP Foundation

SQL Injection Union Attacks

SQL Injection Bypassing WAF


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