CompTIA Exam N10-009 Topic 1 Question 1 Discussion

Introduction to Subinterfaces:

Subinterfaces are logical interfaces created on a single physical interface. They are used to enable a router to support multiple networks on a single physical interface.

Use Case for Subinterfaces:

Subinterfaces are commonly used in scenarios where VLANs are implemented. A router with a single physical LAN port can be configured with multiple subinterfaces, each associated with a different VLAN.

This setup allows the router to route traffic between different VLANs.

Example Configuration:

Consider a router with a single physical interface GigabitEthernet0/0 and two VLANs, 10 and 20.

interface GigabitEthernet0/0.10

encapsulation dot1Q 10

ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0.20

encapsulation dot1Q 20

ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

The encapsulation dot1Q command specifies the VLAN ID.

Explanation of the Options:

A . A router with only one available LAN port: This is correct. Subinterfaces allow a single physical interface to manage multiple networks, making it essential for routers with limited physical interfaces.

B . A firewall performing deep packet inspection: Firewalls can use subinterfaces, but it is not a requirement for deep packet inspection.

C . A hub utilizing jumbo frames: Hubs do not use subinterfaces as they operate at Layer 1 and do not manage IP addressing.

D . A switch using Spanning Tree Protocol: STP is a protocol for preventing loops in a network and does not require subinterfaces.

Conclusion:

Subinterfaces provide a practical solution for routing between multiple VLANs on a router with limited physical interfaces. They allow network administrators to optimize the use of available hardware resources efficiently.

CompTIA Network+ guide detailing VLAN configurations and the use of subinterfaces (see page Ref 9Basic Configuration Commands).