CertNexus AIP-210 Exam Questions

A support-vector machine (SVM) is a supervised learning algorithm that can be used for classification or regression problems. An SVM tries to find an optimal hyperplane that separates the data into different categories or classes. However, sometimes the data is not linearly separable, meaning there is no straight line or plane that can separate them. In such cases, a polynomial kernel can help improve the prediction of the SVM by transforming the data into a higher-dimensional space where it becomes linearly separable. A polynomial kernel is a function that computes the similarity between two data points using a polynomial function of their features.

Performance testing is a type of testing that should be performed at the production level before deploying a newly retrained model. Performance testing measures how well the model meets the non-functional requirements, such as speed, scalability, reliability, availability, and resource consumption. Performance testing can help identify any bottlenecks or issues that may affect the user experience or satisfaction with the model. Reference: [Performance Testing Tutorial: What is, Types, Metrics & Example], [Performance Testing for Machine Learning Systems | by David Talby | Towards Data Science]

Stratification is not a valid cross-validation method, but a technique to ensure that each subset of data has the same proportion of classes or labels as the original data. Stratification can be used in conjunction with cross-validation methods such as k-fold or leave-one-out to preserve the class distribution and reduce bias or variance in the validation results. Bootstrapping, k-fold, and leave-one-out are all valid cross-validation methods that use different ways of splitting and resampling the data to estimate the performance of a machine learning model.

Neural network models are suitable for classification problems with a large number of features, because they can learn complex and non-linear patterns from high-dimensional data. They can also handle image data, which is likely to be the input for the human face detection problem. Neural networks can also be trained using transfer learning, which can leverage pre-trained models on similar tasks and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the model. Reference: [Neural network - Wikipedia], [Transfer Learning - Machine Learning's Next Frontier]

Oversampling is a method that can help address the issue of imbalanced data, which is when one class is much more frequent than the other in the dataset. This can cause the model to be biased towards the majority class and have a low true negative rate. Oversampling involves creating synthetic samples of the minority class or replicating existing samples to balance the class distribution. This can help the model learn more from the minority class and improve the true negative rate. Reference: [Handling imbalanced datasets in machine learning], [Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis - Wikipedia]